My research mainly focuses on Macroeconomics and Labour Economics, with particular interests in business cycles, wage determination, and inequality issues. I also do work in in Sports Economics.
External Examiner for University of Middlesex
IZA Research Fellow
Appointed Research Fellow of IZA - Institute of Labor Economics
Fellow of Higher Education Academy
Wage And Employment Dynamics - Phase 3 - WED3
PI: Dr Carl Singleton
Funded by: Economic and Social Research Council
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Book Chapter
How big is home advantage at the Olympic Games?
Singleton C, Reade JJ, Rewilak J & Schreyer D (2024) How big is home advantage at the Olympic Games?. In: Research Handbook on Major Sporting Events. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 88-103. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781800885653.00014
Article
Chowdhury S, Jewell S & Singleton C (2024) Can Awareness Reduce (and Reverse) Identity-driven Bias in Judgement? Evidence from International Cricket. Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, 226, Art. No.: 106697. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2024.106697
Article
Scoring goals: The impact of English Premier League football teams on local university admissions
Singleton C, Bell AR, Chung A, Reade JJ & Urquhart A (2024) Scoring goals: The impact of English Premier League football teams on local university admissions. Economics letters, Art. No.: 111957. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2024.111957
Newspaper / Magazine
What is the impact of a Premiership football team on local universities?
Singleton C (2024) What is the impact of a Premiership football team on local universities?. Economics Observatory. 15.08.2024. https://www.economicsobservatory.com/what-is-the-impact-of-a-premiership-football-team-on-local-universities
Article
Cristiano of Arabia: Did Ronaldo increase Saudi Pro League attendances?
Schreyer D & Singleton C (2024) Cristiano of Arabia: Did Ronaldo increase Saudi Pro League attendances?. Contemporary Economic Policy. https://doi.org/10.1111/coep.12661
Article
Why wages don't fall in jobs with incomplete contracts
Fongoni M, Schaefer D & Singleton C (2024) Why wages don't fall in jobs with incomplete contracts. Management Science.
Article
The age‐wage‐productivity puzzle: Evidence from the careers of top earners
Scarfe R, Singleton C, Sunmoni A & Telemo P (2024) The age‐wage‐productivity puzzle: Evidence from the careers of top earners. Economic Inquiry, 62 (2), pp. 584-606. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.13191
Article
Chiyaba G & Singleton C (2024) Do natural resources and foreign direct investment tend to erode or support the development of national institutions?. World Economy, 47 (3), pp. 1117-1146. https://doi.org/10.1111/twec.13447
Article
The Iron Curtain and Referee Bias in International Football
Dagaev D, Paklina S, Reade JJ & Singleton C (2024) The Iron Curtain and Referee Bias in International Football. Journal of Sports Economics, 25 (1), pp. 126-151. https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025231206470
Article
The extent of downward nominal wage rigidity: New evidence from payroll data
Schaefer D & Singleton C (2023) The extent of downward nominal wage rigidity: New evidence from payroll data. Review of Economic Dynamics, 51, pp. 60-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2022.11.006
Article
Singleton C, Reade JJ & Schreyer D (2023) A decade of violence and empty stadiums in Egypt: when does emotion from the terraces affect behaviour on the pitch?. Empirical Economics, 65 (3), pp. 1487-1507. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-023-02383-0
Article
The perils of pre-filling: Lessons from the UK’s Annual Survey of Hours and Earning microdata
Whittard D, Ritchie F, Phan V, Bryson A, Forth J, Stokes L & Singleton C (2023) The perils of pre-filling: Lessons from the UK’s Annual Survey of Hours and Earning microdata. Statistical Journal of the IAOS, 39 (3), pp. 661-677. https://doi.org/10.3233/sji-230013
Article
Betting on a buzz: Mispricing and inefficiency in online sportsbooks
Ramirez P, Reade JJ & Singleton C (2023) Betting on a buzz: Mispricing and inefficiency in online sportsbooks. International Journal of Forecasting, 39 (3), pp. 1413-1423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2022.07.011
Research Report
How common is low pay in Britain and is it declining?
Forth J, Bryson A, Phan V, Ritchie F, Singleton C, Stokes L & Whittard D (2023) How common is low pay in Britain and is it declining?. Administrative Data Research UK. Data Insights. Swindon. https://www.adruk.org/news-publications/publications-reports/data-insight-how-common-is-low-pay-in-britain-and-is-it-declining/
Book Chapter
Economics lessons from sports during the COVID-19 pandemic
Singleton C, Bryson A, Dolton P, Reade J & Schreyer D (2022) Economics lessons from sports during the COVID-19 pandemic. In: Pedersen P (ed.) Research Handbook on Sport and COVID-19. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, pp. 9-18. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781802207576.00008
Article
Eliminating supportive crowds reduces referee bias
Reade JJ, Schreyer D & Singleton C (2022) Eliminating supportive crowds reduces referee bias. Economic Inquiry, 60 (3), pp. 1416-1436. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.13063
Newspaper / Magazine
Abramovich sanctions: what implications for Chelsea and the Premier League?
Reade JJ & Singleton C (2022) Abramovich sanctions: what implications for Chelsea and the Premier League?. Economics Observatory. 12.03.2022.
Article
Informational efficiency and behaviour within in-play prediction markets
Angelini G, De Angelis L & Singleton C (2022) Informational efficiency and behaviour within in-play prediction markets. International Journal of Forecasting, 38 (1), pp. 282-299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijforecast.2021.05.012
Book Chapter
IT’S JUST NOT CRICKET: RULES AND THE GENTLEMAN’S GAME
Jewell S, Reade J & Singleton C (2021) IT’S JUST NOT CRICKET: RULES AND THE GENTLEMAN’S GAME. In: Butler R (ed.) Advances in Sports Economics. Newcastle upon Tyne: Agenda Publishing, pp. 85-108. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv25tnx3v.11
Article
Stadium attendance demand during the COVID-19 crisis: early empirical evidence from Belarus
Reade JJ, Schreyer D & Singleton C (2021) Stadium attendance demand during the COVID-19 crisis: early empirical evidence from Belarus. Applied Economics Letters, 28 (18), pp. 1542-1547. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2020.1830933
Newspaper / Magazine
What can economics learn from cricket – and cricket from economics?
Singleton C & Jewell S (2021) What can economics learn from cricket – and cricket from economics?. Economics Observatory. 04.08.2021.
Newspaper / Magazine
Tokyo Olympics without crowds: will the home nation’s medal chances suffer?
Singleton C, Schreyer D & Rewilak J (2021) Tokyo Olympics without crowds: will the home nation’s medal chances suffer?. The Conversation. 19.07.2021.
Newspaper / Magazine
Krumer A, Reade J & Singleton C (2021) Is football coming home?. Economics Observatory. 11.06.2021.
Article
Evaluating strange forecasts: The curious case of football match scorelines
Reade JJ, Singleton C & Brown A (2021) Evaluating strange forecasts: The curious case of football match scorelines. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 68 (2), pp. 261-285. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12264
Article
Demand for public events in the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of European football
Reade JJ & Singleton C (2021) Demand for public events in the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of European football. European Sport Management Quarterly, 21 (3), pp. 391-405. https://doi.org/10.1080/16184742.2020.1841261
Article
Causal effects of an absent crowd on performances and refereeing decisions during Covid-19
Bryson A, Dolton P, Reade JJ, Schreyer D & Singleton C (2021) Causal effects of an absent crowd on performances and refereeing decisions during Covid-19. Economics Letters, 198, Art. No.: 109664. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2020.109664
Article
Extreme Wages, Performance, and Superstars in a Market for Footballers
Scarfe R, Singleton C & Telemo P (2021) Extreme Wages, Performance, and Superstars in a Market for Footballers. Industrial Relations: A Journal of Economy and Society, 60 (1), pp. 84-118. https://doi.org/10.1111/irel.12270
Newspaper / Magazine
What we can learn about economics from professional sport during Covid-19
Singleton C, Schreyer D, Dolton P, Reade JJ & Bryson A (2021) What we can learn about economics from professional sport during Covid-19. VoxEU. 31.01.2021.
Book Chapter
European Football After COVID-19
Reade JJ & Singleton C (2020) European Football After COVID-19. In: Billio M & Varotto S (eds.) A New World Post COVID-19: Lessons for Business, the Finance Industry and Policy Makers. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari. https://doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-442-4/028
Article
Going with your gut: The (In)accuracy of forecast revisions in a football score prediction game
Singleton C, Reade JJ & Brown A (2020) Going with your gut: The (In)accuracy of forecast revisions in a football score prediction game. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics, 89, Art. No.: 101502. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2019.101502
Article
Do High Wage Footballers Play for High Wage Teams? The Case of Major League Soccer
Scarfe R, Singleton C & Telemo P (2020) Do High Wage Footballers Play for High Wage Teams? The Case of Major League Soccer. International Journal of Sport Finance, 15 (4), pp. 177-190. https://fitpublishing.com/articles/do-high-wage-footballers-play-high-wage-teams-case-major-league-soccer
Article
On why the gender employment gap in Britain has stalled since the early 1990s
Razzu G, Singleton C & Mitchell M (2020) On why the gender employment gap in Britain has stalled since the early 1990s. Industrial Relations Journal, 51 (6), pp. 476-501. https://doi.org/10.1111/irj.12309
Newspaper / Magazine
How is professional football coping with coronavirus?
Dolton P, Reade JJ & Singleton C (2020) How is professional football coping with coronavirus?. 27.11.2020.
Article
Information, prices and efficiency in an online betting market
Elaad G, Reade JJ & Singleton C (2020) Information, prices and efficiency in an online betting market. Finance Research Letters, 35, Art. No.: 101291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2019.09.006
Newspaper / Magazine
Sport: what could be the long-term effects of coronavirus?
Reade JJ & Singleton C (2020) Sport: what could be the long-term effects of coronavirus?. Economics Observatory. 05.06.2020.
Newspaper / Magazine
As football returns in empty stadiums, four graphs show how home advantage disappears
Singleton C, Schreyer D & Reade JJ (2020) As football returns in empty stadiums, four graphs show how home advantage disappears. The Conversation. 15.05.2020.
Newspaper / Magazine
Bell A, Singleton C & Reade JJ (2020) In defence of footballers. The Conversation. 09.04.2020.
Article
Who Works for Whom and the UK Gender Pay Gap
Jewell SL, Razzu G & Singleton C (2020) Who Works for Whom and the UK Gender Pay Gap. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 58 (1), pp. 50-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjir.12497
Newspaper / Magazine
How will football return after this unplanned hiatus?
Reade JJ & Singleton C (2020) How will football return after this unplanned hiatus?. The Conversation. 27.03.2020.
Article
Betting markets for English Premier League results and scorelines: evaluating a forecasting model
Reade J, Singleton C & Vaughan Williams L (2020) Betting markets for English Premier League results and scorelines: evaluating a forecasting model. Economic Issues, 25 (1), pp. 87-106. https://www.economicissues.org.uk/Vol25.html#a4
Article
Recent Changes in British Wage Inequality: Evidence from Large Firms and Occupations
Schaefer D & Singleton C (2020) Recent Changes in British Wage Inequality: Evidence from Large Firms and Occupations. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 67 (1), pp. 100-125. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12225
Article
Cyclical labor costs within jobs
Schaefer D & Singleton C (2019) Cyclical labor costs within jobs. European Economic Review, 120, Art. No.: 103317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2019.103317
Newspaper / Magazine
Bury FC: the economics of an English football club’s collapse
Reade JJ & Singleton C (2019) Bury FC: the economics of an English football club’s collapse. The Conversation. 30.08.2019.
Article
Singleton C (2019) The public–private sector wage differential in the UK: Evidence from longitudinal employer–employee data. Economics Letters, 174, pp. 109-113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2018.11.005
Website Content
Back to the future: The gig economy and underemployment
Lafuente C, Scarfe R & Singleton C (2018) Back to the future: The gig economy and underemployment. The Alan Turing Institute [Blog] 02.11.2018. https://www.turing.ac.uk/news/back-future-gig-economy-and-underemployment
Article
Segregation and Gender Gaps in the United Kingdom's Great Recession and Recovery
Razzu G & Singleton C (2018) Segregation and Gender Gaps in the United Kingdom's Great Recession and Recovery. Feminist Economics, 24 (4), pp. 31-55. https://doi.org/10.1080/13545701.2018.1451907
Article
Unemployment and econometric learning
Schaefer D & Singleton C (2018) Unemployment and econometric learning. Research in Economics, 72 (2), pp. 277-296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rie.2017.10.005
Article
Long‐Term Unemployment and the Great Recession: Evidence from UK Stocks and Flows
Singleton C (2018) Long‐Term Unemployment and the Great Recession: Evidence from UK Stocks and Flows. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 65 (2), pp. 105-126. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjpe.12139
Article
Gender and the business cycle: An analysis of labour markets in the US and UK
Razzu G & Singleton C (2016) Gender and the business cycle: An analysis of labour markets in the US and UK. Journal of Macroeconomics, 47 (Part B), pp. 131-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2015.12.006
Book Chapter
Razzu G & Singleton C (2014) The Macroeconomic Context. In: Razzue G (ed.) Gender Inequality in the Labour Market in the UK. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 35-51. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof%3Aoso/9780199686483.003.0002
