Health and wellbeing (dis)benefits of accessing inland blue spaces over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic

Citation

Grace MJ, Dickie J, Bartie PJ & Oliver DM (2024) Health and wellbeing (dis)benefits of accessing inland blue spaces over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Landscape and Urban Planning, 252, Art. No.: 105178. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2024.105178

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic led to widespread repercussions, affecting all aspects of society, from global economics to everyday social interactions. Due to the significant uncertainty caused by the pandemic, many individuals sought solace from nature. Freshwater environments, or inland blue spaces, are one type of natural environment that may have acted as a vital public health resource for communities during the pandemic. This research used semi-structured interviews combined with narrative analysis to capture detailed insight into the impact of, and nuanced benefits and challenges associated with, accessing inland blue spaces over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants from a range of backgrounds across Scotland were involved to determine the influence of their health and ‘shielding’ status on inland blue space experiences. In the initial stages of the pandemic, those who were taking shielding precautions described experiencing a heightened awareness of, and anxiety towards, other users of inland blue spaces. However, across the sample, individuals emphasised the overall beneficial impact of accessing freshwater areas for maintaining mental and physical wellbeing levels during the pandemic. Positive health outcomes were achieved through participating in a wide range of leisure and recreational opportunities at inland blue spaces. The research further justifies the value of accessing inland blue spaces and demonstrates the benefits of integrating access and exposure to natural environments into future pandemic response strategies. The qualitative insight also highlights the need for context-specific landscape management strategies to promote blue space access across user groups and address existing environmental inequalities.

Keywords
COVID-19; Blue health; Risk perception; Accessibility; Wellbeing; Pandemic response

Journal
Landscape and Urban Planning: Volume 252