Difference in genetic susceptibility to cancers among Asians and Caucasians: A Literature Review

Citation

Nguyen AH (2021) Difference in genetic susceptibility to cancers among Asians and Caucasians: A Literature Review. 4th European Summer School on Nutrigenomics (ESSN 2021), Virtual. Lifestyle Genomics, 14 (3), Art. No.: 47. https://doi.org/10.1159/000517609

Abstract
Only one tenth of data used in Human Genome-Wide Studies, also known as GWAS, come from people of Asian ancestry, even though they account for 60% of the global population. Pharmacogenetic reports have recently concerned that raised significant concern about metabolic differences between Asian and Caucasian population, where clinical managements of complex conditions including cancers predominantly come from European ancestry. Understanding the difference in genetic expectation among Asians may develop a precise treatment management plan for this population in the future. To understand the difference in genetic susceptibility to cancer among Asians and Caucasians, three gene candidates including Cytochrome P4501A2 (CYP1A2), alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B), and patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing-3 (PNPLA3) are well reported to metabolic function and carcinogen bio-activation elsewhere. A literature search on CINAHL and PubMed. Eligible publications are meta-analysis or systematic review articles in the English language on the last 20 years. The findings were to identify SNPs of candidate genes most likely to be different between Asian and Caucasian people. Stratified analysis by ethnicity demonstrated that CYP1A2_rs762551 and PNPLA3_rs738409 polymorphisms are not significantly related to cancer risks among Asians, but are more likely to be at high risk in Caucasians. Contrastingly, ADH1B_rs1229984 polymorphism is more cancerous in Asians than Caucasians. Notably, Asians in these included articles are small compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Further investigation in a large-scale Asian population is necessary to fill a diversity gap in genetic research.

Journal
Lifestyle Genomics: Volume 14, Issue 3