Bioaccumulation and Toxicological Effects of UV-Filters on Marine Species

Citation

Lozano C, Givens J, Stien D, Matallana-Surget S & Lebaron P (2020) Bioaccumulation and Toxicological Effects of UV-Filters on Marine Species. In: Tovar-Sánchez A, Sánchez-Quiles D & Blasco J (eds.) Sunscreens in Coastal Ecosystems: Occurrence, Behavior, Effect and Risk. Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 94. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, pp. 85-130. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2019_442

Abstract
UV-filters are of emerging concern and their toxicity has been demonstrated in many papers. Organic and mineral UV-filters are active ingredients found in sunscreens. Due to the presence of UV-filters in marine waters, studies on these compounds bioaccumulating in organisms have been carried out, and this has been complemented by toxicity studies, with reports of detrimental effects to a variety of organisms. This chapter gives an overview of the bioaccumulation and the toxicity of sunscreen UV-filters on marine species. The toxicity of both inorganic and organic UV-filters is summarized as well as their bioaccumulation in marine biota. Ecotoxicological effects of UV-filters suffer from a lack of standardization across studies. We highlighted the difficulties to make comparisons between studies and emphasize a need for harmonization.

Keywords
Bioaccumulations; Ecotoxicology; Marine biota; UV-filters